In the coloration of cellulosic fibres, although the total number of vat dyes on the market has diminished, vat dyes (including indigo) hold a large part of the dyestuff market. The situation of vat dyes will remain constant in the near future mainly because vat dyes yield coloured fibres of excellent all-round fastness, particularly to light, washing and chlorine bleaching, even the consumption of vat dyes will increase a little with increasing of the cotton consumption. Thus, at present, there is no true alternative to this vat dyes.Vat Blue 66 was analyzed and synthesized and some novel vat dyes were synthesized, the following work is done in this paper.1) Vat Blue 66 was separated and its structure was determined by MS, NMR, IR and element analysis.2) From 2-ethylanthraquinone, 1,4-diamino-2-acetylanthraquinone was prepared via nitration, vat dyes, re-nitration, reduction and so on. In this process the nitration of 2-ethylanthraquinone was first achieved in the organic solvent and its product was oxidized by oleum instead of Na_2Cr_2O_7/H_2SO_4 used in the industry recently. The nitration compounds were reduced by nickel as catalyst. All of these made the wastewater containing chromium prevented and the pollution were decreased greatly. 2-phenyl-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine was synthesized via hydrolyzationd and chlorination used 2-phenyl-4,6- diamino-1,3,5-triazine as raw material. Their structures were confirmed by MS, 1~H NMR and IR. Following these processes, which were different from that of the BASF, Vat Blue 66 was synthesized and industrialized.3) Ten yellow vat dyes were prepared by α-aminoanthraquinone or β-amino anthraquinone reacting with 2-phenyl-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, aniline, p-methoxyaniline, 2-aminothiazole and so on. Their application properties were measured and would likely tend to industrialize.4) Two red dyes were prepared by 1 -amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxyanthraquinone reacting with 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl propane, hydroquinone and their structures, which were not reported before, were confirmed by 1~H NMR and IR. The fastness to sublimation of them was good.
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